Nassau County, located on the western end of Long Island, has a rich history that often gets overlooked. From Native American settlements and Revolutionary battles to the invention of a beloved snack cake, this county has seen it all. From its earliest days until the present, Nassau County has had a strong impact on both Long Island and the rest of the world.
Early Settlements
Nassau County was first inhabited by the Matinecock Native American tribe, who arrived on the island thousands of years ago. Early European settlers arrived in the 1600s, eventually displacing the Matinecock and other indigenous groups. By the 1700s, farms and villages had sprung up throughout the area. In 1788, the Town of Hempstead was created and named after Hempstead, England.
The Revolutionary War
Nassau County was on the front lines during the Revolutionary War. The Battle of Long Island (also known as the Battle of Brooklyn) was a major battle and helped set the stage for the Americans to eventually win the war. Soldiers from Nassau County fought in other battles, including the Battle of Saratoga and Valley Forge.
The Underground Railroad
Nassau County served as an important passage for freedom seekers on the Underground Railroad. Most notably, the first African American to serve in the House of Representatives—Joseph Rainey from South Carolina—hid out in Nassau County before continuing his journey north.
Long Island Rail Road
The Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) first opened in the 1830s. This train line helped transform Long Island, allowing people to travel from Manhattan to Nassau County in under two hours. Today, the LIRR is one of the busiest commuter rail systems in the country.
Early Industries
During the 19th century, Nassau County saw an increase in industry. Textiles, shipbuilding and carpentry were popular industries. One of the biggest employers in Nassau County at the time was the Hempstead Sash and Door Building Factory, located in Hempstead. Later, the area began to produce rifles, gunpowder and other items used during the Civil War.
Goshen Farms and Estates
The area of Old Westbury was once known as Goshen, and in 1776, it was made up of a few large farms and estates. The area eventually developed into a small village, and in 1930, the village was renamed Old Westbury.
Inventions and Industries of 20th Century
In the 20th century, Nassau County continued to lead the way in inventions and industries. Charles Darrow invented the classic board game Monopoly in 1933 at a kitchen table in the town of Germantown. During the 1950s and 60s, several aerospace and defense companies began operations in Nassau County, including Grumman and F-14 Tomcat.
In addition, Long Island was home to a vibrant music scene during this time. Famous groups like The Isley Brothers, Blue Öyster Cult and Billy Joel all got their start around Nassau County.
Twinkies Cake
Despite its rich history, perhaps one of Nassau County’s most cherished inventions is Twinkies cake. This popular snack cake was invented in 1930, by bakery employee James Alexander Dewar. By 1932, the treat had become so popular that the company opened a new factory in Nassau County.
Nassau County is an amazing part of Long Island with a long and fascinating history. From the Revolutionary War to Twinkies, there is much to explore and discover. Next time you’re visiting Nassau County, take some time to delve deeper into its hidden past.
